Nclex Rn Examnination Practice Gastrointestinal Disorders Questions

 1.A client with a bleeding ulcer is vomiting bright red blood. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following indicators of early shock?
a) Tachycardia.
b) Dry, flushed skin.
c) Increased urine output.
d) Loss of consciousness

2.A client with an incomplete small-bowel obstruction is to be treated with a Cantor tube. Which of the following measures would most likely be included in the client's care once the Cantor tube has passed into the duodenum?
a) Maintain bed rest with bathroom privileges.
b) Advance the tube 2 to 4 inches at specified times.
c) Avoid frequent mouth care.
d) Provide ice chips for the client to suck

3.A client who has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) complains of heartburn. To decrease the heartburn, the nurse should instruct the client to eliminate which of the following items from the diet?
a) Lean beef.
b) Air-popped popcorn.
c) Hot chocolate.
d) Raw vegetables

4.Before an incisional cholecystectomy is performed, the nurse instructs the client in the correct use of an incentive spirometer. Why is incentive spirometry essential after surgery in the upper abdominal area?

a) The client will be maintained on bed rest for several days.

b) Ambulation is restricted by the presence of drainage tubes.

c) The operative incision is near the diaphragm.

d) The presence of a nasogastric tube inhibits deep breathing

5.A nurse preceptor is working with a student nurse who is administering medications. Which statement by the student indicates an understanding of the action of an antacid?

a) "The action occurs in the stomach by increasing the pH of the stomach contents and decreasing pepsin activity."

b) "The action occurs in the small intestine, where the drug coats the lining and prevents further ulceration."

c) "The action occurs in the esophagus by increasing peristalsis and improving movement of food into the stomach."

d) "The action occurs in the large intestine by increasing electrolyte absorption into the system that decreases pepsin absorption."

6.Which of the following client statements indicates that the client with hepatitis B understands discharge teaching?

a) "I will not drink alcohol for at least 1 year."

b) "I must avoid sexual intercourse."

c) "I should be able to resume normal activity in a week or two.

d) "Because hepatitis B is a chronic disease, I know I will always be jaundiced."

7.Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate for the nurse to recommend to a client to decrease discomfort from hemorrhoids?

a) Decrease fiber in the diet.

b) Take laxatives to promote bowel movements.

c) Use warm sitz baths.

d) Decrease physical activity

8.A home health nurse who sees a client with diverticulitis is evaluating teaching about dietary modifications necessary to prevent future episodes. Which statement by the client indicates effective teaching?

a) "I'll increase my intake of protein during exacerbations."

b) "I should increase my intake of fresh fruits and vegetables during remissions."

c) "I'll snack on nuts, olives, and popcorn during flare-ups."

d) "I'll incorporate foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids into my diet."

9.Which of the following laboratory findings are expected when a client has diverticulitis?

a) Elevated red blood cell count.

b) Decreased platelet count.

c) Elevated white blood cell count.

d) Elevated serum blood urea nitrogen concentration.

10.A client with esophageal cancer decides against placement of a jejunostomy tube. Which ethical principle is a nurse upholding by supporting the client's decision?

a) Autonomy

b) Fidelity

c) Nonmaleficence

d) Veracity

11.Prochlorperazine (Compazine) is prescribed postoperatively. The nurse should evaluate the drug's therapeutic effect when the client expresses relief from which of the following?

a) Nausea.

b) Dizziness.

c) Abdominal spasms.

d) Abdominal distention.