Gastrointestinal Disorders RN-NCLEX Practice Question 2

1. A nurse preceptor is working with a student nurse who is administering medications. Which statement by the student indicates an understanding of the action of an antacid?
a)"The action occurs in the stomach by increasing the pH of the stomach contents and decreasing pepsin activity."
b) "The action occurs in the small intestine, where the drug coats the lining and prevents further ulceration."
c) "The action occurs in the esophagus by increasing peristalsis and improving movement of food into the stomach."
d) "The action occurs in the large intestine by increasing electrolyte absorption into the system that decreases pepsin absorption."

2. Before an incisional cholecystectomy is performed, the nurse instructs the client in the correct use of an incentive spirometer. Why is incentive spirometry essential after surgery in the upper abdominal area?
a) The client will be maintained on bed rest for several days.
b) Ambulation is restricted by the presence of drainage tubes.
c) The operative incision is near the diaphragm.
d) The presence of a nasogastric tube inhibits deep breathing.

3. A client who has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) complains of heartburn. To decrease the heartburn, the nurse should instruct the client to eliminate which of the following items from the diet?
a) Lean beef.
b) Air-popped popcorn.
c) Hot chocolate.
d) Raw vegetables.

4. A client with an incomplete small-bowel obstruction is to be treated with a Cantor tube. Which of the following measures would most likely be included in the client's care once the Cantor tube has passed into the duodenum?
a) Maintain bed rest with bathroom privileges.
b) Advance the tube 2 to 4 inches at specified times.
c) Avoid frequent mouth care.
d) Provide ice chips for the client to suck.

5. A client with a bleeding ulcer is vomiting bright red blood. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following indicators of early shock?
a) Tachycardia.
b) Dry, flushed skin.
c) Increased urine output.
d) Loss of consciousness.

6. After surgery for an ileal conduit, the nurse should closely assess the client for the occurrence of which of the following complications related to pelvic surgery?
a) Peritonitis.
b) Thrombophlebitis.
c) Ascites.
d) Inguinal hernia

7. A client with gastroenteritis is admitted to an acute care facility and presents with severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Diagnostic tests reveal the Norwalk virus as the cause of gastroenteritis. Based on this information, the nurse knows that:
a) the client requires an antiviral agent.
b) enteric precautions must be continued.
c) enteric precautions can be discontinued.
d) the client's infection may be caused by droplet transmission

8. The comatose victim of the car accident is to have a gastric lavage. Which of the following positions would be most appropriate for the client during this procedure?
a) Lateral.
b) Supine.
c) Trendelenburg's.
d) Lithotomy.

 9. A client has a nasogastric tube inserted at the time of abdominal perineal resection with permanent colostomy. This tube will most likely be removed when the client demonstrates:
a) Absence of nausea and vomiting.
b) Passage of mucus from the rectum.
c) Passage of flatus and feces from the colostomy.
d) Absence of stomach drainage for 24 hours.

10. A nurse is caring for a client with cholelithiasis. Which sign indicates obstructive jaundice?
a) Straw-colored urine
b) Reduced hematocrit
c) Clay-colored stools
d) Elevated urobilinogen in the urine